Effectiveness of Structure teaching programme on knowledge regarding Umbilical cord stem cell therapy among staff nurses in Apollo hospital at Gandhinagar, Gujarat

 

Dolly Saraswat¹, Dr. Hari Mohan Singh²

¹Nursing Tutor, Apollo Institute of Nursing, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.

²Professor and Principal, Apollo Institute of Nursing, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.

 

ABSTRACT:

Umbilical cord blood is increasingly being used as a source of stem cells in the treatment of over 85 diseases and has been used in more than 20,000 transplants worldwide, including leukemia, myelomas, lymphomas, genetic disorders/diseases, immune system deficiencies, and blood cell disorders. Present study was aimed to assess the knowledge regarding umbilical cord stem cell therapy among nurses working in Apollo hospital. 40 samples were selected using purposive sampling and structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The findings revealed that the mean posttest knowledge score 15.91 was greater than the mean pretest scores 12.37. The mean difference between pretest and posttest scores was 3.54, the ‘t’ value 6045 was significant at 0.05 level. Hence this kind of education programme should be conducted from time to time for health personnel.

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Umbilical cord blood has been established as a reliable source of hematopoietic stem cells. This particular blood contains numerous hematopoietic stem cells that have the ability to differentiate into other cells and the ability to self-degenerate.¹ Stem cells are found in all multi cellular organisms, and are characterized by the ability to renew through mitotic cell division and differentiate into a diverse range of specialized cell types. In 1989 Dr. Hal Broxmeyer, a member of the American society of hematology, and his colleagues discovered the presence of stem cells in the umbilical cord blood; and in 1993 the first successful blood stem transplant utilizing stem cells collected from umbilical cord blood was performed.²

 

Cord blood stem cells are pluripotent, which has the ability to differentiate into not only different blood cell types, but potentially into different types of tissues including bone, cartilage, hepatic, pancreatic, neurologic, muscle, epithelial, endothelial, and skin.³ Cord blood collection is done within 10 minutes of birth.⁴

 

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

Stem cell transplantation facilities are increasing in India but for optimal utilization of these facilities, it is important to create concept awareness. At present, lack of awareness about the huge potential to be gained from the storage of cord blood stem cells and highly technical nature of the process is the key reason for a small customer base in the country. The nurses are in direct contact with the pregnant women during their pregnancy and are in attendance during child’s delivery. So, they are the one who can create awareness in mothers to donate or store cord blood to protect their child from future ailments. Recent advances in science have demonstrated that umbilical cord blood is a rich source of stem cells, making it valuable tissue resources in clinical field of stem cell therapy.⁵ In India there are 30 clinical trials that use umbilical cord stem cell therapy.⁶ Thus, nurses must be knowledgeable and aware of recent trends in diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, nurses need to be educated regarding the value of collecting and preserving umbilical cord blood stem cells for future use in treating illnesses.

 

Studies conducted concluded that the self-instructional module significantly improved the knowledge of staff nurses regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell collection, preservation and utilization. Nurses need to equip themselves with accurate information, using the International council of nursing code of ethics for nurses and their own ethical decision-making process.⁷

 

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM:

Effectiveness of structure teaching programme on knowledge regarding umbilical cord stem cell therapy among staff nurses in Apollo hospital at Gandhinagar, Gujarat.

 

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

1.     To assess the pre-test knowledge scores regarding umbilical cord stem cell therapy among staff nurses.

2.     To assess the post-test knowledge scores regarding umbilical cord stem cell therapy among staff nurses.

3.     To evaluate the effectiveness of structure teaching programme regarding umbilical cord stem cell therapy among staff nurses.

4.     To find out association between pre-test knowledge scores of staff nurses regarding umbilical cord stem cell therapy with selected socio demographic variables.

 

METHODOLOGY:

Research approach and design:

Pre experimental research design with evaluative approach was used.

 

Setting of the study:

The study was undertaken in Apollo hospital at Gandhinagar, Gujarat.

 

Population:

The population consisted of nurses working in Apollo hospital at Gandhinagar, Gujarat.

 

Samples:

Samples of the study were nurses working in Apollo hospital at Gandhinagar, Gujarat.

 

Sample size:

Sample size was 40 nurses.

 

Sampling techique:

In the present study the sample were selected by purposive sampling.

 

Inclusion criteria: Nurses who were

·       Working in Apollo hospital at Gandhinagar Gujarat.

·       Willing to participate in the study.

·       Available at the time of study.

·       Able to read and write Hindi and English.

 

Exclusion criteria: Nurses who were not

·       Consented for participation in study.

·       The nurses who have attended any training programme in last 6 months.

 

Description of the Tool:

The tool consisted of two sections:

Section A: It comprised of 5 items for obtaining information regarding age, gender, year of experience, educational qualification, previous knowledge regarding umbilical cord stem cell therapy.

 

Section B:

Structured knowledge questionnaire on Umbilical cord stem cell.

 

Validity of the Tool:

Items were judged by experts for relevance, clarity and appropriateness.

 

Reliability of the Tool:

The reliability of co-efficient of internal consistency was computed by using Cronbach Alpha.

 

Data Collection Procedure:

A Formal permission was obtained from the concerned authorities. The purpose of the study was explained to the participants and then obtained informed consent.

 

Data analysis plan:

The data obtained was tabulated and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics and is present in the form of figures and tables.

 

RESULTS:

The demographic characteristics of the respondents revealed that:

·       Majority (30%) of participants were from the age group of 31-35 years.

·       Majority of the respondents (60.00%) were male.

·       Distribution of respondents according to educational qualification showed that majority (67.50%) were B. Sc. Nursing.

·       Distribution of respondents according to year of experience revealed that 40.00% had 4-5 years of experience.

·       Majority of the participants do not have previous knowledge regarding umbilical cord stem cell therapy.

 

Area Wise comparison of mean Pretest and posttest knowledge Scores.

 

 

Interpretation Level of Knowledge scores regarding umbilical cord stem cell therapy:

 

 

Effectiveness of structure teaching programme on knowledge regarding umbilical cord stem cell therapy among nurses:

 

Association between Pre-test Knowledge scores with Selected Socio-demographic Variables:

Association between Pre-test Knowledge scores with Selected Socio-demographic Variables such as age (0.76), gender (t= -1.16), year of experience (0.89), educational qualification (0.16), response ( -0.31).

 

RECOMMENDATIONS:

On the basis of study findings, the following recommendations have laid:

·       A same type of quest can be carried out for huge study representatives for a lengthier period of time; hence broader generalizations would be done.

·       A similar study can be replicated on the antenatal mothers.

 

REFERENCES:

1.     https://stemcellsjournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/2018/10.1002/sctm.17-02444.

2.     Kenna DM et al. Umbilical cord blood: Current status and promise for future. Indian Journal of Medical Research.201;134(3):261-9.

3.     http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/HumanPhysiology/Pregnancy and Birth.

4.     Papassavas AC et al. Cord blood banking and transplantation: a promising reality, 2006; 9: 736-56.

5.     Farida Habib. Evaluation of knowledge and Attitude of pregnant Saudi women towards Cord Blood Donation. Journal of health, Medicine and Nursing. 2017; 44: 53-63.

6.     Alan Trouson , Courtney McDonald. Stem Cell Therapies in Clinical Trials: Progress and Challenges. Cell Stem. July, 2015; 11-12.

7.     Manal Farouk Moustafa et al. Nurses Knowledge about Umbilical Cord Blood Banking and its barrier. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science. 2015; 4(2): 44-53.

 

 

Received on 28.12.2020          Modified on 21.01.2021

Accepted on 07.02.2021        © AandV Publications all right reserved